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TUNAMI N2

TSUNAMI MODELLING MANUAL

Prof. Nobuo Shuto

Faculty of Policy Studies, Iwate Prefectural University

Dr.Fumihiko Imamura

Prof. of Tsunami Engineering

School of Civil Engineering, Asian Inst. Tech .(1993-1995) and

Disaster Control Research Center, Tohoku University., Sendai, Japan

Dr. Ahmet Cevdet Yalciner

Assoc. Prof. in Middle East Technical University, Civil Enigneering Department, Ocean Engineering Research Center, Ankara Turkey

Res. Assist. Gulizar Ozyurt

Research Assistant in Middle East Technical University, Civil Enigneering Department, Ocean Engineering Research Center, Ankara Turkey

INTRODUCTION

This manual is based on “TSUNAMI NUMERICAL SIMULATION with the staggered leap-frog scheme (Numerical code of TUNAMI-N1)” of Dr. Fumihiko Imamura, Prof. of Tsunami Engineering School of Civil Engineering, Asian Inst. Tech. and Disaster Control Research Center, Tohoku University prepared in June, 1995 for TIME project. The TIME (Tsunami Inundation Modeling Exchange) started in 1991 as a joint effort of IUGG and IOC/UNESCO during IDNDR. The Disaster Control Research Center (DCRC), Tohoku University, Japan has been acting as the center of TIME, to transfer numerical technique of tsunami simulation to the countries which suffered or will suffer tsunami hazards. Fifteen institutions of twelve countries obtained the computer programs and manuals developed and prepared by DCRC through mails or by training directly from DCRC. Four institutions of four countries obtained the technique through Mr. Ortiz, one of the trainees of the TIME project. As of 2003, the TUNAMI code was transferred to nineteen institutions of fifteen countries.

In 1997, the manual was published by UNESCO as IOC Manuals and Guides No.30 “IUGG/IOC TIME PROJECT: NUMERICAL METHOD OF TSUNAMI SIMULATION WITH THE LEAP-FROG SCHEME”.

The TUNAMI code consists of;

TUNAMI-N1 (Tohoku University’s Numerical Analysis Model for Investigation of Near-field tsunamis, No.1) (linear theory with constant grids),

TUNAMI-N2 (linear theory in deep sea, shallow-water theory in shallow sea and runup on land with constant grids),

TUNAMI-N3 (linear theory with varying grids),

TUNAMI-F1 (linear theory for propagation in the ocean in the spherical co-ordinates) and

TUNAMI-F2 (linear theory for propagation in the ocean and coastal waters).

The manual is revised and extended by Dr. Fumihiko Imamuıra tohoku Univesity, Japan, Dr. Ahmet Cevdet Yalciner and Research Assistant Civil Eng. Gulizar Ozyurt, Middle East Technical University, Turkey by including the manual for TUNAMI-N2, processing bathymetry file, input procedures and a glossary.

Chapters 1 to 7 assess the governing equations, numerical scheme, errors, initial and boundary conditions. Chapters 8 to 10 assess the input files and data necessary for the software. Chapter 11 assesses the TUNAMI-N2 program in detail. Chapter 12 assesses the interpretation of the output files. Chapter 13 includes some sample and real-time examples. The glossary is an important source for the whole document including earthquake, tsunami and wave terminology.

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1. Governing Equations

1.1 Shallow water theory

1.2 Bottom friction

1.3 Governing equation

1.4 Note on convection terms

2. Numerical Scheme

2.1 Numerical scheme for linear equation

2.2 Numerical scheme for convection term

2.3 Numerical scheme for bottom friction term

3. Stability and Truncation errors